So this is a cautionary tale for people who exercise frequently and don't know what overtraining is. From personal experience. So it's going to be a little lengthy but if you exercise and never heard of it then read it.
I'm going to try to show how it can sneak up on you, how you can recognize it, and why it's important to be aware of it. I'm not a doctor. I had never heard of it and to me it didn't feel all that serious or pressing until it suddenly got pretty serious.
Five years ago I started to get into a more intense training regime. Pretty quickly I was training for 6 days a week and the 7th day would be my recovery day but I would still stretch and stuff. Of course there were days that I couldn't or didn't feel well so I took those days off to stop myself from pushing too hard. Which went very well. Extremely well. Both for my body and mind it was very nice to let it all out for 40 minutes to an hour a day. (Overtraining has to do with too little downtime for your body to recover, which can also happen if you do frequent but short or light exercises.)
After about three years I started to experience mornings when my body felt real sleepy. And I slept pretty irregularly anyway so that wasn't too odd. (Because of stress, a likely catalyst for overtraining.) I took those days off (or sometimes tried a little to see how it went) and I felt real good about that and the next day I could go back to training. (That was probably the first sign.)
Very slowly and with a lot of time in between, this sometimes turned into two days of required rest before I was able to exercise well again. I didn't think much of it. I barely noticed it. At some point halfway through 2017 I had one of those periods and I couldn't do 1/5th of my normal training. This time it felt more odd than usual. I was out of breath and sweating all over. Like I went through a hard day of training but I just finished my warming up and then some. I thought maybe I was a little ill, maybe tired. Waited a couple days. Fine again. (If you ever feel that, then immediately stop exercising and readjust your training schedule to allow for more recovery time.)
For a few weeks I was fine. And then it happened again. Another few weeks, and again. There was enough time in between where everything went well that I thought nothing of it. And I believe by the end of August it happened again but this time, after a couple days of rest nothing changed. I could still only do about 1/5th of my normal training after taking a long good rest... and it felt absolutely horrible. I felt like puking after doing a couple minutes of exercise. I was shaking and felt cold.
So I tried more rest days, to get back into it very slowly. But no matter how long I waited I couldn't get back to doing a full exercise. And by doing this (in my mind very) carefully for several weeks (even though it felt like it should be nothing because I was used to training so much harder) I made things way worse.
I got other symptoms that I couldn't place. I felt real sad all the time, felt my heartbeat all over my body for several hours a day, woke up one night 4 am with my chest burning like hell and a very loud irregular heart beat. That was scary. And after that I constantly got out of breath by doing things as simple as walking down the stairs. Started shivering at random times, sometimes after minimal exertion (like after standing a couple minutes). My eyes would keep closing when trying to jog in place. So I went to a doctor who checked my heart. Didn't have a heart attack, heart was fine, lungs were fine. Blood was fine. The only surprising thing about the results was how perfectly fine they were. Could be overtraining.
Looked into that. By that time I did have all the symptoms that I could find. So I tried resting a couple weeks (which I thought was a very very long time to not exercise) and then started to walk, and then getting on the bike, and then it got worse again. Waiting a month, feeling real bad about it and worried about losing progress, doing the same thing, got worse again. back to square one.
Yeah. So after over half a year of being unable to exercise properly I'm still at square one. Sports doctor told me to do nothing that raises the heartbeat for the next 3 months. Walking is OK but anything worse than that I should avoid. And that prompted me to post this, because of all the injuries and things that ever happened to me while trying to exercise this has to be the most demotivating thing. And ALL of this could have been avoided if I were aware of overtraining and would have taken a couple months off the moment when my body started to act a little weird, and if I had (permanently!) adjusted my schedule to include more rest. Then I would have been OK again a couple months ago instead of going through 6 months of feeling real bad about myself and another couple months of doing nothing.
So when people tell you that overtraining is bad and you should avoid it... listen, it's bad and you should avoid it.
TLDR: It's something that happens because of too little rest time. Training = breaking, rest = building. Symptoms are vague, can sneak up on you. When you feel you want/need to take breaks from doing/starting a workout a couple times per, say, 2 months, adjust your schedule to include more rest or you could suddenly without further warning find yourself in a bad spot. In that case, stop training entirely for a couple months to be absolutely sure you fully recover before starting a workout and be sure to permanently adjust your schedule to include more rest. (Don't 'try' anyway during the couple months rest!)
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