Technically most people back in the days did not speak like Shakespeare. It was the rare few 'intellectuals'/aristocracy/etc that did. The rest of society did not have what you would call 'civil'/'sophisticated' speech.
As for conservative women; it was a trend back then. The non-conservative woman is a trend today.
Back then they considered indigenous peoples savages. Englishmen were considered barbarians by Roman standards. Slaves were seen as half-human or not even that. Clearly under current ideologies that would be considered stupid and non-sensical.
Back then they believed in supernatural beings, with Gods, Titans/etc creating earthquakes, floods/etc. Clearly by today's standards that is considered stupid.
Have we become more stupid than in the past? Clearly not. What you are concentrating on are the smart people of the past; of which there were few. You cannot compare Shakespeare to your average country bumpkin. Nor can you compare a serf in the past to Einstein, or to Stephen Hawking.
Today we have tea-baggers. In the past we had angry mobs with pitchforks.
Today we have the internet, we have books and other sources of information and learning material. In the past, only priests/monks and certain people in aristocracy knew how to read.
On a social level we are much smarter than what society was in the past due to greater access to education, to literature and the like. People simply believe we have become 'stupider' because they concentrate on the smart people of the past, and compare them to the 'dumb' people of the present.
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