Wayne Grudem once wrote, "It is one thing to affirm that the Bible claims to be the words of God. It is another thing to be convinced that those clams are true. Our ultimate conviction that the rods of the Bible are God's words comes only when the Holy Spirit speaks in and through the words of the Bible that these are words of our Creator speaking to us. Just after Paul has expained that his apostolic speech consists of words taught by the Holy Spirit (1 Cor. 2:13), he says, 'The natural man does not receive the things of the Spirit of God, for they are folly to him, and he is not able to understand them because they are spiritually discerned' (1 Cor 2:14). Apart from the work of the Spirit of God, a person will not receive spiritual truths and in particular will not receive or accept the truth that the words of Scripture are in fact the words of God."
For those in whom God's Spirit is working there is a recognition that the words of the Bible are the words of God. This process is closely analogous to that by which those who believed in Jesus know that his words were true. He said, "My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me" (John 10:27). Those who are Christ's sheep hear the words of their great Shepherd as they read the words of Scripture, and they are convinced that these words are in fact the words of their Lord. As people read Scripture they hear their Creator's voice speaking to them in the words of Scripture and realize that the book they are reading is unlike any other book.
Objection: This is a circular argument. Indeed it should be admitted that this is a kind of cirular argument. However, that does not make its use invalid, for all arguments for an absolute authority must ultimately appeal to that authority for proof: otherwise the authority would not be an absolute or highest authority. This problem is not unique to the Christian who is arguing for the authority of the Bible. Everyone either implicitly or explicitly uses some kind of circular argument when defending his or her ultimate authority of belief. Here are some examples: "My reason is my ultimate authority because it seems reasonable to me to make it so." "Logical consistency is my ultimate authority because it is logical to make it so."
What then does Scripture say about itself?
Nothing to be taken from or added to (Duet. 4:2; 12:32; Prov. 30:6)
Effective (Isa. 55:11)
Pure (Ps. 12:6; 119:140)
Perfect (Ps. 19:7)
Precious (Ps. 19:10)
A life guide (Ps. 119: 105)
Soul food (Jer. 15:16)
A fire that purifies and a hammer that breaks us (Jer. 23:29)
True (Ps. 119:160; Jon 17:17)
Helpful (Prov. 6:23)
Flawless (Prov. 30:5)
To be obeyed (Luke 8:21; James 1:22)
All we need to know God (Luke 16:29, 31)
The standard by which all teaching is to be tested (Acts 17:11)
Faith-building (Rom. 10:17)
For everyone (Rom. 16:26)
Sin-cleansing (Eph. 5:26; James 1:21)
The sword for spiritual battle (Eph. 6:17; Heb. 4:12)
The very words of God (1 Thess 2:13)
Divinely inspired (2 Tim. 3:16; 2 Peter 1:19-21)
Life-changing (Heb. 4:12)
Life-giving (James 1:18 )
Spiritual nourishment (1 Peter 2:2)
(there are around 300 references to Scripture in the New Testament alone... so forgive me if I do not put them all. :P If you want some of the references to the following, ask me.)
Jesus is the central figure within the Scriptures and therefore his view of the Scriptures is therefore vastly important. What did he say? Jesus summarized the Old Testament Scripture as existing in three parts: Law, Prophets, and Psalms (Luke 24:44). He accepted the Old Testament Canon as it exists today, without any modifications, and he came to fulfill it (Matt. 5:17).
Jesus treated the Old Testament narritives as straightforward facts: Genesis 1 and 2 (Matt. 19:4-5; Mark 10:6-8 ), Abel (Luke 11:51), Noah (Matt 24:37-39; Luke 17:26-27), Abraham (John 9:56), Sodom and Gamorrah Matt. 10:15; 11:23-24; Luke 10:12), Lot (Luke 19:28-32), Isaac and Jacob (Matt. 8:11; Luke 13:28 ), the manna (John 6:31, 48, 59), the wilderness serpent (John 3:14), Moses as lawgiver (Matt. 8:4; 19:8; Mark 1:44; 7:10; 10:5; 12:26; Luke 5:14; 20:37; John 5:46; 7:19), falls prophets (Luke 6:26), and Jonah (Matt. 12:40). Regarding authorship, Jesus said Scripture was given by Moses (Mark 7:10), Isaiah (Matt. 13:14; Mark 7:6), David (Mark 12:36), and Daniel (Matt. 24:15).
In matters of controversy, Jesus used the Old Testament as his court of appeals. And in times of crisis, Jesus quoted Scipture. Jesus repeadted taught that Old Testament prophecy had been fulfilled because it was true. Jesus taught that the Scriptures could not be broken. Jesus also said the primary purpose of the Old Testament was to reveal himself (John 5:39). Jesus promised that the Holy Spirit would inspire the writing of the Gospels and Epistles (John 14:25-26; 16:23).
Following his return to heaven, Jesus' students wrote the remaining books of Scripture and likewise upheld Scripture as God's unique, perfect, authoritative, helpful, and powerful revelation to humanity. The New Testament writers claim that the Old Testament is sacred Scripture. Paul used Scripture and God's spoken word interchangably. The New Testament teaches that what the Bible says is what God says. And Peter and Paul claimed that Scripture has dual authorship by both men and God (1 Cor. 2:12-13; 1 Peter 1:10-12).
Most New Testament writers were eyewitnesses of Jesus. Others received firsthand information from other reliable witnesses. Luke received his information from Paul and numerous eyewitnesses, Mark received his information from Peter, and James and Jude were closely associated with the apostles and were Jesus' brothers. Paul claimed that Jesus was speaking through him. Paul quotes Luke as Scripture. New Testament writers claimed that their writings were holy. They said that their writings were the very words of God. Peter called Paul's writings Scripture. Paul commanded that his letters be read in teh churches and obeyed. And the early church treated the apostles' teaching as authoritative.
Some Scripture is also prophetic in nature, promising future events hundreds if not a thousand years in the future. These events include Jesus' virgin mother, birth in Bethlehem, flight to Egypt, entrance into the temple that was destroyed in AD 70, betrayal for thirty pieced of silver, clothing divided by the casting of lots, crucifixion, death and burial in a rich man's tomb, and resurrection of the dead.
The Bible is clearly a book of history and not just philosophy, because it continunally promises concrete historical events that, in time, come to pass exactly as promised. These fulfillments of prophetic promises show the divine inspiration of Scripture and prove that a sovereign God rules over human history and brings events to pass as he ordains them. Consequently, we can trust the internal consistency of the Bible to be a chorus of faithful witnesses who sing together in harmony. Nonetheless, not everyone accepts the teachings of Scripture.
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