The US started supplying England via Lend Lease after it went into effect in March of 1941. It supplied China, England, Russia and other allied nations. The US was involved months before they were attacked. P-400s (export versions of the P-39 Airacobra) bound for Russia ended up in the Southwest Pacific Area of Operations on New Guinea to be flown by US and Australian pilots in 1942 before other fighters made it to the area. When the US started sending material to the UK and Russia, Hitler made it known that he did not want American ships attacked as he didn't want the US involved more than what it was.
Admiral Doenitz almost succeeded in starving out the British though. Once the Happy Times were over due to better anti-submarine efforts of both the US and England, U-boats had to run submerged more often than not. If Doenitz could have had more subs, he could have had a bigger impact on the supply efforts to England.
Hitler had to abandon Operation Sea Lion when the Luftwaffe couldn't get air superiority over England during the Battle of Britain. Still, even if he had, it would have been rather hard as the barges and other craft that were to be used were not suited to amphibious assaults and would have had to be towed over by tugs.
While Bomber Command or more correctly, Bomber Harris didn't think his crews could do pinpoint bombing, there are instances where the accuracy of his crews were quite impressive, especially after he had to sent crews out to bomb oil targets in the Ruhr industrial areas (not to mention the Dambusters). Even the Eighth Air Force screwed up by not bombing Schweinfurt in successive missions allowing Germany to rebuild the ball bearing factories. This happened to other war material plants too. Still, allied airpower decimated the Luftwaffe, especially when they were released from bomber escort duties and were able to go after targets of opportunity.
Meanwhile on the opposite side of the world, the Japanese, who had been at war since 1931 had aircraft that while better in maneuverability, had little or no protection for the pilots or the fuel tanks and when hit, became fireballs. The pilots, generally eschewing parachutes, died. This contributed to the loss of highly valuable experienced pilots (I just read of one Japanese pilot bailing out with a parachute over Simpson Harbor at Rabaul who went on to fight again). The US on the other hand was able to do to Japan what Doenitz wasn't able to do to England. They sunk shipping that was carrying the needed supplies to Japan and Japan couldn't replace it. This also applied to naval ships too, especially aircraft carriers.
Australians played host to naval bases (especially for subs), air bases and rest and recreation areas. Australian troops did exceptionally well in New Guinea though MacArthur didn't seem to think so (don't get me started on MacArthur though).
WWII took a lot of troops from many countries to get the job done. Without the resources of the US, things would have been different. When shipbuilders were churning out cargo ships ever 4 days, it gets pretty impressive on the output of American war production.
I didn't touch on the Italian or North African Campaigns as I haven't read up much on them, but after reading some 45 books on WWII since March 2008, I think I am pretty well versed in WWII history.
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